Maternal and Child Health : The World Bank Group's Response to Sustainable Development Goal 3—Target 3.1 and 3.2

Gordillo-Tobar, Amparo ; Quinlan-Davidson, Meaghen ; Mills, Samuel Lantei

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: MATERNAL HEALTH;    MATERNAL MORTALITY;    CHILD MORTALITY;    FAMILY PLANNING;    NEONATAL HEALTH;   

RP-ID  :  121500

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The aim of this paper is to explore theadvances made in maternal and child health (MCH) over thepast 25 years, analyzing World Bank Group (WBG) operationalinvestments in MCH, as countries shift their focus to thesustainable development goals (SDGs). Maternal mortalitydecreased by 44 percent over the past 25 years with anannual rate of reduction of 2.4 percent, yet to reach SDGtarget 3.1, the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) mustdecrease by 7.5 percent per year by 2030. Maternal mortalityhas negative consequences as it leads to greater familyfinancial instability, loss of education, and increasedchild mortality. Evidence shows that skilled birthattendance and maternal education reduces the likelihood ofmaternal mortality (UNESCO, 2013). When comparing primaryschool net enrolment and primary school completion withmaternal mortality, it appears that national MMR averagesare influenced by education. Also, MMR is influenced by thedelivery of health care and socioeconomic indicators, whichmay lead to inequities at the national and subnationallevels.While significant progress has been made in reducingthe under-five mortality rate (U5MR), neonatal mortalityrate (NMR) reduction has lagged. The WBG has 86 activeprojects that include activities that improve women andchildren’s health. Many projects focus on antenatal care anddelivery services, followed by children under 5 years, andfamily planning. As part of the operationalization of theGlobal Strategy for Women’s, Children’s, and Adolescents’Health (2016-2030), the WBG could develop an inclusiveWomen’s, Children’s, and Adolescents’ Health Action Plan.The new, inclusive Action Plan would comprehensively buildon the existing platforms and elements of the WBG, includingthe Global Financing Facility; Civil Registration and VitalStatistics; the World Bank Group Gender Strategy(2016-2023): Gender equality, poverty reduction andinclusive growth; fragility, conflict and violence; and theInternational Development Association (IDA18) commitmentsand all WBG client countries, supporting them across varyinglevels of need and income, targeting the poorest and most vulnerable.