Russian Federation, the World Trade Organization, and the Eurasian Customs Union : Tariff and Non-Tariff Policy Challenges

Ferrantino, Michael J. ; Gillson, Ian ; Schmidt, Gabriela

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: non-tariff measures;    tariffs;    trade standards;    non-tariff barriers;    NTBs;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-7748
RP-ID  :  WPS7748

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper assesses issues relating totariffs and nontariff measures (NTMs) in relation toRussia's World Trade Organization (WTO) and EurasianCustoms Union (ECU) commitments. The analysis finds thatfull implementation of Russia's WTO tariff schedulethrough 2020, would raise goods imports by about $3.5billion (1.1 percent) compared to 2012, with estimates ofwelfare gainsto Russian consumers equal to approximately$370 million. Russian exports to members of the ECU,primarily Kazakhstan, would increase by an estimated $194million, measured against a 2008 baseline. The impact ofNTMs in Russia and the ECU, though difficult to quantify, ispotentially more important for the market than tariffchanges, because of the significant divergence between thehistorical GOST standards and standards prevailing in mostof Russia's trading partners. Formation of the ECU andits associated bodies in 2010 has tended to perpetuateregional methods of standard setting, and by extension NTMpolicies, that are closely aligned with older models.