This paper presents a World Bank led andRussia trust fund financed work program to measure financialcapability and the effectiveness of financial education inlow and middle income countries. The two activities andtheir staging have been motivated by the lessons of highincome countries with financial literacy programs and thedeviating characteristics of low and middle incomecountries. While progress has been made in high-incomecountries to measure financial capability, there is littlerobust empirical evidence that financial education canimprove it. While applying the financial capability conceptin low and middle-income countries looks promising it willneed to be adjusted to their characteristic and supported byinnovative interventions and rigorous impact evaluation toimprove it.