Community-based natural resourcemanagement (CBRNM) aims to realize sustainable management ofresources and improvements in livelihood. A central focus isthe empowerment of indigenous and local communities throughcustomary or devolved rights to common pool resources. Lessattention is given to the extent to which inclusive forms ofgovernance are realized in CBNRM. Democratic innovations areinstitutions designed explicitly to increase and deepencitizen participation in political decision-making. A numberof exemplary cases around the world provide evidence that itis possible to empower citizens in ways that are inclusiveand achieve desirable outcomes such as redistribution,recognition of marginalized groups, and improvedlivelihoods. By clarifying elements of the design ofdemocratic innovations - in particular goods, tasks,mechanisms, and co-design - it is possible to understand howeffective forms of participatory governance can be crafted.With careful attention to the endogenous practices ofindigenous and local communities and the governancestructures imposed by public authorities, CBNRMpractitioners can draw on these elements of democraticdesign to craft forms of inclusive participatory governancethat promote sustainable management of resources and improvelivelihoods. A program of collaboration between CBNRM anddemocratic innovations practitioners will contribute toimprovements amongst both communities of practice and thecommunities they serve.
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