Slavonia’s economy is now amongst thepoorest in the European Union (EU) and has been growing moreslowly than comparable regions. Some Polish and Romaniancounties were less advanced until 2013 but have nowovertaken Slavonia. Achieving a turnaround is difficult:only 9 percent of lagging regions in the EU have managed tograduate. Part of the answer lies in smart use of EU funds,as demonstrated by Pomorskie region in Poland. Top priorityactions to seize these opportunities can be taken byministers, county prefects, and regional coordinators. Eachopportunity is constrained by several issues: a lack ofcollaboration within Slavonia; a need for national reforms;and alignment of ministries around shared priorities. Thedecisions to unlock these constraints are outlined in the report.