This report provides an overview of thechallenges and opportunities in addressing road safety inthe Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region. It presentsinformation on the size, characteristics, and causes of theproblem; presents evidence on the effectiveness of measuresthat countries world-wide have adopted to improve roadsafety; briefly describes current international road safetypolicy; and discusses a range of strategies and actions thatcould be undertaken by the World Bank in coordination andpartnership with the World Health Organization (WHO),multilateral development banks, other international agenciesand donors, as well as with private and civil societyinstitutions. A primary audience of this report isinternal-particularly managers and staff of the World Bankworking in the transport, health, education, and governancesectors, to raise awareness about the multisectoral natureof the road safety challenge and of effective options toaddress it. It proposes ways that the World Bank mightengage more to support ECA countries in tackling this issue,working in partnership with other international agencies anddonors. The secondary audience is external policymakers,senior analysts, program managers, and their advisers in thegovernments of ECA countries, private sector officials, andcivil society and international organizations working inthis field. The goal is to support discussion on appropriatechoices and instruments for advancing the road safety agendaas a top development priority over the short and medium term.