In 2011, women and girls represented50.6 percent of the total Montenegrin population (620,029persons). Different aspects of gender inequality vary byregion and ethnicity. The present World Bank countrypartnership strategy in Montenegro is based on two pillarsthat include supporting Montenegro s accession to theEuropean Union (EU) through boosting institutions andcompetitiveness. The purpose of this report is to provide anoverview of gender inequality in Montenegro. Using a numberof data sources, gender differences in various outcomes areanalyzed with the intention of highlighting genderinequalities in human wellbeing. Results are used toprioritize possible avenues for future research to betterunderstand such inequalities and or suggest areas thatrequire more focus from policymakers. This report operatesunder the premise that gender equality is both an issue ofhuman rights and of critical economic consequence. In linewith the world development report (WDR) 2012, thenomenclature of gender gaps in endowments, access toeconomic opportunities, and agency will be used to elaborateupon these arguments and their relevance to Montenegro. Thefindings of this diagnostic suggest that there are gendergaps in Montenegro, particularly in: (i) agency, althoughavailable data in this area is limited; (ii) access toeconomic opportunities; and (iii) human capital among somepopulation subgroups. The structure of the report is asfollows: section one gives introduction. Section twoaddresses gender disparities in endowments, includingeducation, health, and assets. Section three presentsdisparities in economic opportunities in the forms of laborforce participation, unemployment, employment and wages, andentrepreneurship. Section four focuses on agency and itsimplications for gender equality. Section five discussesrelationships across issues and suggests areas for further research.
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