Despite the high-level commitments madeon using country systems, Somalia continues to trail otherfragile states in critical dimensions, including theproportion of aid delivered “On Budget.” Given the explicitfocus on statebuilding in Somalia, the preferencing ofshort-term operational concerns over long-term governmentsystems building appears to run counter to the internationalcommunity’s stated objectives. No delivery modality iswithout risk; both country systems and alternative deliverychannels have drawbacks. But these options also havediffering strengths, depending on the type of project,sector or situation. In finding the right mix of tools, bothgovernment and international partners need to focus more onthe statebuilding goals towards which they are jointlycommitted. This report examines donors’ decision-makingabout the use of country systems, exploring both theperceived and actual risks and benefits associated with it.It also articulates recommendations for improving andincreasing the use of country systems, with relevance thatextends beyond the Somali context. The report was financedwith the generous support of the UN-WB Partnership Fund.