The primary completion rate for 7countries-Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Ethiopia, Madagascar,Mozambique, and Niger-more than doubled between 1991 and2009. Still large differences persist between rich and poorwithin countries. In some low-income countries, such asBenin, the completion rates for the richest quintile are 95percent or higher, but completion rates for the poorestquintile are 35 percent or less. And there is a 9 percentagepoint gap in the completion rates for boys and girls. Manypoor people depend on biomass energy from plant materials oranimal wastes for cooking and heating. Millions of deathsare caused by air pollution. Many are children in developingcountries, who die of acute respiratory infections due toindoor air pollution resulting from burning fuel wood, cropresidues, or animal dung. The economies of Sub-SaharanAfrica are gradually shifting towards industry and services.Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Sub-Saharan Africa expandedby 4.7 percent in 2010, up from 1.7 percent in 2009. In thelast five years Rwanda, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Mali,ranked in the top ten of 174 of the world s countries inmaking their regulatory environment more favorable tobusiness. Middle East and North Africa has made impressivegains in women s health and education outcomes. In 2008 thelow-and middle income economies of Middle East and NorthAfrica produced 53 percent more energy compared to their1990 level, but they consumed 133 percent more energy andenergy use per capita increased by 63 percent. Economicgrowth and rising labor productivity has reduced poverty inSouth Asia, home to half the world s poor people livingbelow $1.25 a day. Information and communications technologyservices dominate the service exports of South Asia like noother region. Latin American and the Caribbean is the mostefficient energy user in the world, measured by the ratio ofGDP to energy use. The rapid emergence of East Asia as theworld s export powerhouse was complemented by surging finaldemand within the region, notably in China. Taxes fund abroad range of social and economic programs, nationaldefense, and other purposes such as redistributing income tothe aged and unemployed.
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