Tanzania's land, local governmentand forest laws mean that rural communities have welldefined rights to own, manage and benefit from forest andwoodland resources within their local areas through theestablishment of village forests. This approach, known bypractitioners as Community Based Forest Management (CBFM)results in the legal establishment of village land forestreserves, community forest reserves or private forests. By2008, 1,460 villages on mainland Tanzania1 were involved inestablishing or managing village forests covering a total ofover 2.345 million hectares. A further 863 villages arecurrently involved in Joint Forest Management (JFM)approaches within government forest reserves, in whichmanagement responsibilities are shared between governmentand local communities. 1.78 million hectares of forestreserve under central or local government jurisdiction arenow under JFM arrangements. Since 2008, the Tanzaniangovernment has been making preparations for theestablishment of systems and structures for REDD Plus(Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and ForestDegradation). Tanzania is being supported in itspreparations by the World Bank's Forest CarbonPartnership Facility (FCPF), UN-REDD plus and the NorwegianForests and Climate Initiative as well as a number of localand international Non Government Organizations (NGOs). Thisreport has been prepared to provide inputs to thedevelopment of policy processes currently evolving inTanzania regarding REDD plus. This review draws on almosttwo decades of experience within Tanzania on the developmentand establishment of Participatory forest management (PFM)an approach which (like REDD plus), aims to achieve thecombined objectives of sustainable forest management withsecure rights, improved local forest governance and securelivelihoods for forest-dependent communities.
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