This study "Opportunities forImproving Urban Service Delivery in South Sudan: A Tale ofTwo Cities" comprises a 3 part series. Part I—ServiceDelivery Status Report—gives a general overview of theservice delivery models currently operating the country.Part II—International Case Studies analyzes alternativeservice delivery models from other countries that arerelevant to South Sudan. Part III—Synthesis Report—builds onthe first two and investigates models of alternative servicedelivery in the context of urban South Sudan. Millions ofpeople in the world's newest country, in both urban andrural areas, depend on services delivered wholly or partlyby nongovernment entities in this highly fragile, fluid, andoften insecure environment that has been mired in conflictand economic challenges since gaining its independence sixyears ago. The objective of this research is to: identifyand analyze successful models of service delivery in selecturban areas of South Sudan that can be supported andreplicated; recommend relevant international examples ofservice delivery models that are appropriate to the SouthSudanese context; and identify the appropriate role ofgovernment in these alternative delivery models . Across thevarious models identified, this study examines the cost andquality of services provided; access to these services; andthe accountability relationships involved in these models.