The purpose of this note is to provide the monetary cost of various social safety nettargeting schemes that can be deployed to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience. It isbelieved that gradually switching to the provision of social safety nets can reduce the chronicdependency on humanitarian (mainly food) aid. At the same time, it could help to alleviate relianceon patronage networks and switch a portion of the public spending from unproductive uses (e.g.,military expenditure) toward strengthening the resilience and supporting the livelihoods of SouthSudanese. In addition, a social safety net would address the fatigues of years of weak governanceand ongoing efforts to find more direct, transparent ways to enable citizens to reap the benefits ofindependence and – once it materializes – peace.