Aquaculture is an important and growingpart of Vietnam’s agricultural economy. The aquacultureindustry’s expansion has, however, contributed toenvironmental degradation and become a potential threat tothe industry’s sustainability. Aquaculture expansion hasinvolved the conversion of large areas, including mangroves,to farms and ponds, leading to changes in ecosystems andland use. In addition, aquaculture practices generate anarray of emissions, most of them carried in wastewater andsolid waste. This report is meant to provide a broadnational overview of pollution problems in the aquaculturesubsector. It aims to describe the nature, magnitude, anddrivers of aquaculture pollution problems, taking stock ofthe state of evidence on this topic. It also touches uponcurrent responses to the problem and offers a number ofdirections for policymakers.
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