At the time of independence in 2002,Timor-Leste had a seriously weak health system with only ahandful of doctors in the country. In this context, thegovernments of Timor-Leste signed an agreement and the CubanMedical Brigade started to train medical students and deploythem in the country, particularly in rural areas. While theinitial massive shortage has now been minimized, there areconcerns over more complex issues including facilityfunctionality, rural retention, motivation, preferences andcompetence of health workers. The objectives of this surveywere to understand the labor market dynamics among healthworkers, to learn more about the preferences and concerns ofhealth workers, and to assess the skills, competence andmotivation of doctors.