The dramatic transformation in LatinAmerica and the Caribbean (LAC) between 2000 and the 2010swas driven by fast growth, together with higher employmentrates and increased real incomes. During this period ofsustained growth, increased fiscal revenues supported theexpansion of social protection programs, mainly in the formof non-contributory social assistance. Despite theincreasing coverage of social assistance and positiveimpacts on consumption and other social dimensions, policymakers were aware of the limitations in ensuring thesustainability of those gains. This report aims to documentdifferent approaches of productive inclusion (PI) in LACcountries, particularly focusing on the policy andimplementation aspects, as well as the lessons learned fromtheir design and implementation. The note is organized asfollows. First, it presents the definition and anoperational framework for productive inclusion, to provide aconceptual grounding for the analysis of differentapproaches observed in the region, identifying the keyelements, from policy mandate-design to implementation.Next, common themes for successful PI interventions for eachkey pillar, are presented in turn, drawing from the richinformation of the country case studies. The third sectionpresents the experience and the challenges on the evaluationof PI programs in the region to date as well as a briefsummary of the results. The note concludes with(operational) lessons learned to inform the evolution of theproductive inclusion strategies for the low andmiddle-income countries in both LAC and other regions, andpresents a brief overview of the pending issues on theagenda for the region for future research.
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