Afghanistan has achieved substantialdevelopment progress since 2001, but faces importantupcoming challenges. Government efforts supported by aidinflows have fueled rapid economic growth, expanded thequality of and access to basic social services, and improvedthe capacity of public sector institutions. However,deterioration in the security situation following thesecurity transition in 2014 combined with declininginternational assistance pose formidable challenges forAfghanistan to manage its economy and deliver publicservices. The availability of high quality, reliableeconomic, socio-economic, and demographic statistics isvital if appropriate policy responses to these challengesare to be identified and implemented.