The Zambian government has outlined anambitious rights-based approach to health care provision asoutlined in its national health policy. Specifically, thegovernment is determined to achieve universal healthcoverage (UHC) by providing all its citizens with access tofree quality health care services through the public healthsystem. To examine trends and patterns in healthexpenditures and to identify opportunities for achievingvalue for money and equity, the Zambian government, withtechnical and financial support from the World Bank and theU.K. Department for International Development (DFID),conducted a public expenditure review (PER) of the healthsector. This review covers 2006−2016 and builds on the PERthat was produced in 2009. This report shares the results ofthe PER and provides key policy recommendations on how toaddress the existing challenges.