The needs of World Bank Group (WBG)clients have been changing with the private sectorincreasingly becoming the engine of growth, and thegovernmentsattention shifting from public projects todealing with the growing private sector: regulating it,establishing partnerships with, and/or transferring certaineconomic activities to it. In this new landscape, the bestway to optimize the WBG s development impact, promote itsoverarching goal of eliminating extreme poverty and boostingshared prosperity in a sustainable manner is to put thearray of private sector instruments into full use, bringingenhanced cooperation between the World Bank/InternationalDevelopment Association (the Bank) and IFC at the countrylevel to the forefront. The evidence from the recent pastshows that a realistic and selective approach to Bank-IFCcooperation, based on appropriate resource allocation andstaff incentives, may yield significantly better outcomes.Thus the challenges of the new Country Program Framework(CPF) process are to: (i) identify where and whencooperation is likely to improve efficiency and developmentoutcome; (ii) redefine job descriptions of variousadministrative units and re-assign existing staff resources;and (iii) provide staff incentives for joint work.