Rapid urbanization and overconsumptioncan threaten the natural environment, resource efficiencyand resilience of a region, which are essential componentsof urban sustainability. Human effects which causeenvironmental degradation include poor sanitation and wastedisposal, overconsumption of water resources, and motorizedvehicular and industrial activities contributing toincreased levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Malaysiahas made ambitious commitments to reduce its GHG emissionsintensity of GDP by forty-five percent by 2030 relative tothe emissions intensity of gross domestic product (GDP) in2005. Melaka’s rapid urbanization rate and population growthare already placing pressures on the environment. MelakaState has been ambitious in its efforts in attractinginternational expertise from numerous multilateraldevelopment banks and aid organizations. There is, however,the potential for key issues around coordination of fundingand implementation to be overlooked in the rapid race tomeet the city’s environmental objectives. This report offersa detailed snapshot of the current environment and resourceefficiency dynamics of Melaka in comparison with similarregions in Malaysia and abroad, and with analysis ofperformance in the areas of water, waste, energy andresilience. The report concludes by discussing the emergingrisks and challenges that Melaka faces and outlines keyrecommendations for the state.
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