Demand-Side Instruments to Reduce Road Transportation Externalities in the Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area

Parry, Ian W.H. ; Timilsina, Govinda R.

Taylor and Francis

关键词: congestion;    emissions;    externalities;    fuel tax;    mileage toll;   

DOI  :  10.1080/15568318.2012.755581

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

We estimate efficient prices for passenger transportation in Greater Cairo to address externalities from local pollution, greenhouse gases, traffic congestion, and traffic accidents. An estimated $2.20 per gallon gasoline tax (2006 US$) would be economically efficient, compared with the current subsidy of $1.20 per gallon. Per-mile tolls could target congestion and accident externalities more efficiently than fuel taxes, however. Most efficient is combining a gasoline tax of $0.80 per gallon with per-mile tolls of $0.12 for autos and $0.19 for microbuses. Current public bus and rail fare subsidies are close to efficient levels in the absence of such policies.