There is growing recognition that theprivate health sector is a significant source of health carein most African countries. According to "HealthyPartnerships: How Governments Can Engage the Private Sectorto Improve Health in Africa" (2010), the private sectorshare of total health expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa ison average 51 percent. Use of the private health sector inAfrica is particularly strong among groups that policymakersmost want to reach, including the poor, women, children, andpeople with diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, andhuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The tools presented inthis report help readers design strategies and approachesfor engaging the private sector in a health system. Topicsare organized into five modules outlining specificactivities that can expand and tighten private health sectorengagement leading to sustainable, pro-poor change.