Global fisheries production has risenrapidly over the past 60 years at over two and a half timesthe rate of world population growth, and aquaculture todayis among the fastest-growing food sectors. The rapid growthin fisheries products, and the rise in aquaculture inparticular, enabled per capita fish consumption to nearlydouble globally between the 1960s and 2010, and more thantriple in developing countries. While fisheries worldwide,like other agricultural systems, have long been affected bywater pollution, the sector’s rapid growth andintensification are increasingly contributing to thatproblem. This is not only damaging to aquatic ecosystems andwater users at large, but also harmful to the fishingindustry itself. A historic opportunity presents itself totackle aquaculture pollution in step with industry growth,and to shape amore sustainable source of animal protein asdemand for it grows.