Significant additional resources fromthe private sector will be needed for infrastructure inemerging market countries if the Sustainable DevelopmentGoals are to be achieved. Close to 80 percent of allinfrastructure investments are government funded in thesecountries, yet it is recognized that public sectorinvestments alone will not be sufficient to bridge theinfrastructure gap. Scaling up the role that private firmsand investors play in infrastructure provision will requirea better understanding of the advantages and disadvantagesof public versus private provision, including the issues andincentives that need to be considered in order to find theright balance between the two.