The Chinese government, based on itscommitment to carbon reduction in the Paris ClimateAgreement,laid out its intention to achieve peak CO₂emissions by 2030, and to make its best effort to peak asearly as possible. It committed to lowering CO₂ emissionsper unit of GDP by 60–65 percent of their 2005 levels, andto increasing the share of non-fossil fuels in primaryenergy consumption to about 20 percent. Although thesetargets were set up for the country as a whole, it isessential for decision makers and practitioners tounderstand the contribution the transport sector can make ifits development path is aimed at sustainability.