This report presents key findings from the Department of Energys Advanced Drivetrain Workshop, held on June 29-30, 2010 in Broomfield, Colorado, to assess different advanced drivetrain technologies, their relative potential to improve the state-of-the-art in wind turbine drivetrains, and the scope of research and development needed for their commercialization in wind turbine applications. The Advanced Drivetrain Workshop evaluated next-generation technologies to identify those with potential to radically improve the reliability, performance, and capital cost of wind turbine drivetrains beyond the incremental improvements that might be expected for current state-of-the-art technologies. The workshop featured four separate discussion tracks, each focused on a broad category of drivetrain technologies: Superconducting Drivetrains; Advanced Permanent Magnet Generators; Continuously Variable Transmissions and Fluid Drive Systems; and Innovative and Non-Traditional Drivetrain Concepts.