The light-front quantization of QCD provides an alternative to lattice gauge theory for computing the mass spectrum, scattering amplitudes, and other physical properties of hadrons directly in Minkowski space. Nonperturbative light-front methods for solving gauge theory and obtaining light-front wavefunctions, such as discretized light-front quantization, the transverse lattice, and light-front resolvents are reviewed. The resulting light-front wavefunctions give a frame-independent interpolation between hadrons and their quark and gluon degrees of freedom, including an exact representation of spacelike form factors, transition form factors such as B (yields) (ell)(bar (nu))(pi), and generalized parton distributions. In the case of hard inclusive reactions, the effects of final-state interactions must be included in order to interpret leading-twist diffractive contributions, nuclear shadowing, and single-spin asymmetries.