Human Performance Contributions to Safety in Commercial Aviation

Holbrook, Jon B ; Stewart, Michael J ; Smith, Brian E ; Prinzel, Lawrence J ; Matthews, Bryan L ; Avrekh, Ilya ; Cardoza, Colleen T ; Ammann, Oliver C ; Adduru, Viraj ; Null, Cynthia H

关键词: AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL;    AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION;    AIRCRAFT SAFETY;    AIRLINE OPERATIONS;    AIRPORT SURFACE DETECTION EQUIPMENT;    COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT;    FAILURE ANALYSIS;    FLIGHT SAFETY;    FLYING PERSONNEL;    HUMAN PERFORMANCE;    INFORMATION MANAGEMENT;    MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS;    NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM;    QUALITY CONTROL;    RADAR APPROACH CONTROL;    RELIABILITY ANALYSIS;    RISK ASSESSMENT;    SAFETY MANAGEMENT;    SYSTEMS INTEGRATION;    TERMINAL GUIDANCE;   

RP-ID  :  NASA/TM-2019-220417,L-21075,NF1676L-34965

学科分类：航空航天科学

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来源: NASA Technical Reports Server

【 摘 要 】

In the commercial aviation domain, large volumes of data are collected and analyzed on the failures and errors that result in infrequent incidents and accidents, but in the absence of data on behaviors that contribute to routine successful outcomes, safety management and system design decisions are based on a small sample of non- representative safety data. Analysis of aviation accident data suggests that human error is implicated in up to 80% of accidents, which has been used to justify future visions for aviation in which the roles of human operators are greatly diminished or eliminated in the interest of creating a safer aviation system. However, failure to fully consider the human contributions to successful system performance in civil aviation represents a significant and largely unrecognized risk when making policy decisions about human roles and responsibilities. Opportunities exist to leverage the vast amount of data that has already been collected, or could be easily obtained, to increase our understanding of human contributions to “things going right” in commercial aviation. The principal focus of this assessment was to identify current gaps and explore methods for identifying human “success” data generated by the aviation system, from personnel and within the supporting infrastructure.