The Space Exploration Synthetic Aperture Radar (SESAR) is an advanced P-band beamforming radar instrument concept to enable a new class of observations suitable to meet multiple Decadal Survey science goals for planetary exploration. The radar is capable of providing unprecedented surface and near subsurface measurements at full polarimetry and fine (meter scale) resolution, and achieves beam agility through programmable waveform generation and digital beamforming. The radar’s highly flexible modular architecture employs a novel low power, lightweight design approach to meet stringent planetary instrument requirements, all while minimizing cost and development time.