Assessing the Army's Active-Reserve Component Force Mix

Joshua Klimas ; Richard E. Darilek ; Caroline Baxter ; James Dryden ; Thomas F. Lippiatt ; Laurie L. McDonald ; J. Michael Polich ; Jerry M. Sollinger ; Stephen Watts

RAND Corporation

RAND Corporation

关键词: Military Force Planning;    Rapid Force Deployment;    Military Mobilization;    Military Reserves;    Military Personnel;   

DOI  :  10.7249/RR417-1
ISBN  :  9780833087331
RP-ID  :  RR-417-1-A

学科分类：自然科学（综合）

美国|英语

来源: RAND Corporation Published Research

【 摘 要 】

New defense strategic guidance and budget reductions as the United States draws down its forces in Afghanistan have led the Army to reassess how it balances the mix of forces between its active component (AC) and its two reserve components (RCs), the Army National Guard and the U.S. Army Reserve. Multiple factors should influence AC-RC force mix decisions, including the capabilities that AC and RC forces provide and their cost. This report describes analyses from an ongoing stream of RAND research on the Army's AC-RC force mix. It focuses on two critical aspects of capabilities and cost: (1) the time needed to make forces ready to deploy abroad in a crisis and (2) the costs of AC and RC forces to sustain the same level of deployed output for rotational missions. It finds that the factors that make RC units cost less than AC units, on average, can also make them less rapidly deployable in the event of unexpected contingencies — namely in terms of the amount of time personnel are available to train. The report also identifies the circumstances under which either AC or RC forces can sustain a given level of deployed output at a lower cost. Finally, it shows that differences in capabilities and cost depend of the type of unit. For example, many smaller support and logistics units tend to have an advantage in the RC, while some larger ground combat and aviation units have an advantage in the AC. Policymakers should consider both capability and cost as they weigh AC-RC force mix decisions.