Physiology and Regulation of Calcium Channels in Stomatal Guard Cells

Schroeder, Julian I.

关键词: APERTURES;    ARABIDOPSIS;    BIOMASS;    CALCIUM;    CARBON;    CROPS;    DIFFUSION;    DROUGHTS;    EPIDERMIS;    HYPOTHESIS;    MEMBRANES;    OPTIMIZATION;    PHYSIOLOGY;    PLANT GROWTH;    PLASMA;    PRODUCTION;    REGULATIONS;    WATER;   

DOI  :  10.2172/887459
RP-ID  :  DOE/ER/20148-01
PID  :  OSTI ID: 887459
Others  :  TRN: US201010%%418

学科分类：燃料技术

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

Stomatal pores in the epidermis of leaves regulate the diffusion of CO2 into leaves for photosynthetic carbon fixation and control water loss of plants during drought periods. Guard cells sense CO2, water status, light and other environmental conditions to regulate stomatal apertures for optimization of CO2 intake and plant growth under drought stress. The cytosolic second messenger calcium contributes to stomatal movements by transducing signals and regulating ion channels in guard cells. Studies suggest that both plasma membrane Ca2+ influx channels and vacuolar/organellar Ca2+ release channels contribute to ABA-induced Ca2+ elevations in guard cells. Recent research in the P.I.'s laboratory has led to identification of a novel major cation-selective Ca2+-permeable influx channel (Ica) in the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis guard cells. These advances will allow detailed characterization of Ica plasma membrane Ca2+ influx channels in guard cells. The long term goal of this research project is to gain a first detailed characterization of these novel plasma membrane Ca2+-permeable channel currents in Arabidopsis guard cells. The proposed research will investigate the hypothesis that Ica represents an important Ca2+ influx pathway for ABA and CO2 signal transduction in Arabidopsis guard cells. These studies will lead to elucidation of key signal transduction mechanisms by which plants balance CO2 influx into leaves and transpirational water loss and may contribute to future strategies for manipulating gas exchange for improved growth of crop plants and for biomass production.