JV Task 46 - Development and Testing of a Thermally Integrated SOFC-Gasification System for Biomass Power Generation

Phillip Hutton ; Nikhil Patel ; Kyle Martin ; Devinder Singh

关键词: AIR;    BIOMASS;    CARBON;    EFFICIENCY;    ENERGY DENSITY;    FUEL CELLS;    HEATING;    HIGH-TEMPERATURE FUEL CELLS;    HYDROGEN;    MOISTURE;    PERFORMANCE;    POWER GENERATION;    POWER SYSTEMS;    SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS;    TAR;    TESTING;    TOLERANCE;    WOOD;   

DOI  :  10.2172/990810
RP-ID  :  None
PID  :  OSTI ID: 990810
Others  :  TRN: US201021%%48

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

The Energy & Environmental Research Center has designed a biomass power system using a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) thermally integrated with a downdraft gasifier. In this system, the high-temperature effluent from the SOFC enables the operation of a substoichiometric air downdraft gasifier at an elevated temperature (1000 C). At this temperature, moisture in the biomass acts as an essential carbon-gasifying medium, reducing the equivalence ratio at which the gasifier can operate with complete carbon conversion. Calculations show gross conversion efficiencies up to 45% (higher heating value) for biomass moisture levels up to 40% (wt basis). Experimental work on a bench-scale gasifier demonstrated increased tar cracking within the gasifier and increased energy density of the resultant syngas. A series of experiments on wood chips demonstrated tar output in the range of 9.9 and 234 mg/m{sup 3}. Both button cells and a 100-watt stack was tested on syngas from the gasifier. Both achieved steady-state operation with a 22% and 15% drop in performance, respectively, relative to pure hydrogen. In addition, tar tolerance testing on button cells demonstrated an upper limit of tar tolerance of approximately 1%, well above the tar output of the gasifier. The predicted system efficiency was revised down to 33% gross and 27% net system efficiency because of the results of the gasifier and fuel cell experiments. These results demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of thermally integrating a gasifier and a high-temperature fuel cell in small distributed power systems.