科技报告详细信息
Optimized nanoporous materials.
Braun, Paul V. (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL) ; Langham, Mary Elizabeth ; Jacobs, Benjamin W. ; Ong, Markus D. ; Narayan, Roger J. (North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC) ; Pierson, Bonnie E. (North Carolina State University, R
关键词: ATOMS;    CAPACITY;    DESIGN;    ELECTRODES;    FABRICATION;    GOLD;    PORE STRUCTURE;    POROUS MATERIALS;    SIMULATION;    STORAGE;    SURFACE AREA;    TRANSPORT;   
DOI  :  10.2172/993630
RP-ID  :  SAND2009-5965
PID  :  OSTI ID: 993630
Others  :  TRN: US201024%%98
学科分类:材料科学(综合)
美国|英语
来源: SciTech Connect
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【 摘 要 】

Nanoporous materials have maximum practical surface areas for electrical charge storage; every point in an electrode is within a few atoms of an interface at which charge can be stored. Metal-electrolyte interfaces make best use of surface area in porous materials. However, ion transport through long, narrow pores is slow. We seek to understand and optimize the tradeoff between capacity and transport. Modeling and measurements of nanoporous gold electrodes has allowed us to determine design principles, including the fact that these materials can deplete salt from the electrolyte, increasing resistance. We have developed fabrication techniques to demonstrate architectures inspired by these principles that may overcome identified obstacles. A key concept is that electrodes should be as close together as possible; this is likely to involve an interpenetrating pore structure. However, this may prove extremely challenging to fabricate at the finest scales; a hierarchically porous structure can be a worthy compromise.

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