THE CHEMICAL AND RADIATION RESISTANCE OF POLYPHENYLENE SULFIIDE AS ENCOUNTERED IN THE MODULAR CAUSTIC SIDE SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESSES

Fondeur, F. ; Herman, D. ; Poirier, M. ; Fink, S.

关键词: ALUMINIUM;    AROMATICS;    BENZENE;    CATALYSTS;    ETHERS;    FIBERS;    IRRADIATION;    MICROSTRUCTURE;    MONOMERS;    NITRIC ACID;    NUCLEATION;    PLASTICITY;    POLYMERS;    RADIATIONS;    SILICON;    SODIUM SULFIDES;    SOLVENT EXTRACTION;    SOLVENTS;    SULFIDES;    SYNTHESIS;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1018682
RP-ID  :  SRNL-STI-2011-00390
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1018682
Others  :  TRN: US201114%%452

学科分类：材料科学（综合）

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is a semicrystalline polymer with excellent engineering plastic properties and suitable processing temperatures. PPS can also be made containing branches (using a trifunctional monomer) and with crosslinked microstructure (when curing the monomer at high temperature in the presence of oxygen). PPS is made from the condensation reaction between para-dichlorobenzene and sodium sulfide with the assistance of a catalyst (to lower the activation barrier). The synthesis conditions for making PPS has evolved since its invention in the 1960's to the optimal conditions developed by the Philips Corporation in the 1970's. The resulting polymer consists of chemically stable molecular moieties such as benzene rings and ether like sulfur linkages between the aromatic rings. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is extremely resistant to gamma irradiation, caustic solution, and dilute nitric acid. PPS is the material of construction for the coalescers used in the Modular Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction Unit (MCU). After applying the equivalent of 3.3 E8 rad (330 Mrad), or the equivalent of 11 years of gamma irradiation (assuming a stripping solution concentration of 7.5 Ci/gal), and several months of exposures to 3M caustic solution and caustic salt simulant, no dimensional changes nor chemical changes were detected in PPS whether the PPS was in fiber form or in a composite with E-glass fibers. However, PPS acts as a media for heterogeneous nucleation. In particular, PPS appears to favor aluminosilicate formation in saturated solutions of aluminum and silicon in caustic environments. Parallel testing, in progress, is examining the stability of PPS when exposed to the new solvent formulation under development for MCU. Preliminary data, after two months of exposure, demonstrates PPS is stable to the new solvent.