Criticality Safety Basics for INL FMHs and CSOs

V. L. Putman

关键词: CONTRACTORS;    CRITICALITY;    DESIGN;    FISSIONABLE MATERIALS;    IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY;    NUCLEAR POWER;    PERSONNEL;    RADIATION ACCIDENTS;    REACTORS;    SAFETY;    TRAINING criticality accident mitigation;    criticality accident prevention;    criticality alarm system;    criticality control factors;    criticality safety officer;    criticality safety principles;    criticality safety program overview;    criticality safety training;    fissionable material handler;    nuclear fission basics;    nuclear fission chain reaction;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1046072
RP-ID  :  INL/EXT-06-01183
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1046072
Others  :  TRN: US1203745

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

Nuclear power is a valuable and efficient energy alternative in our energy-intensive society. However, material that can generate nuclear power has properties that require this material be handled with caution. If improperly handled, a criticality accident could result, which could severely harm workers. This document is a modular self-study guide about Criticality Safety Principles. This guide's purpose it to help you work safely in areas where fissionable nuclear materials may be present, avoiding the severe radiological and programmatic impacts of a criticality accident. It is designed to stress the fundamental physical concepts behind criticality controls and the importance of criticality safety when handling fissionable materials outside nuclear reactors. This study guide was developed for fissionable-material-handler and criticality-safety-officer candidates to use with related web-based course 00INL189, BEA Criticality Safety Principles, and to help prepare for the course exams. These individuals must understand basic information presented here. This guide may also be useful to other Idaho National Laboratory personnel who must know criticality safety basics to perform their assignments safely or to design critically safe equipment or operations. This guide also includes additional information that will not be included in 00INL189 tests. The additional information is in appendices and paragraphs with headings that begin with 'Did you know,' or with, 'Been there Done that'. Fissionable-material-handler and criticality-safety-officer candidates may review additional information at their own discretion. This guide is revised as needed to reflect program changes, user requests, and better information. Issued in 2006, Revision 0 established the basic text and integrated various programs from former contractors. Revision 1 incorporates operation and program changes implemented since 2006. It also incorporates suggestions, clarifications, and additional information from readers and from personnel who took course 00INL189. Revision 1 also completely reorganized the training to better emphasize physical concepts behind the criticality controls that fissionable material handlers and criticality safety officers must understand. The reorganization is based on and consistent with changes made to course 00INL189 due to a review of course exam results and to discussions with personnel who conduct area-specific training.