Energy Efficient Commercial Refrigeration with Carbon Dioxide Refrigerant and Scroll Expanders

Dieckmann, John¹ 

[1] TIAX LLC, Lexington, MA (United States)

关键词: Refrigeration;    refrigerant;    carbon dioxide;    R-744;    expander;    compressor;    scroll;    efficiency;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1228765
RP-ID  :  D0566
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1228765

学科分类：能源（综合）

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

Current supermarket refrigeration systems are built around conventional fluorocarbon refrigerants ??? HFC-134a and the HFC blends R-507 and R404A, which replaced the CFC refrigerants, R-12 and R-502, respectively, used prior to the Montreal Protocol phase out of ozone depleting substances. While the HFC refrigerants are non-ozone depleting, they are strong greenhouse gases, so there has been continued interest in replacing them, particularly in applications with above average refrigerant leakage. Large supermarket refrigeration systems have proven to be particularly difficult to maintain in a leak-tight condition. Refrigerant charge losses of 15% of total charge per year are the norm, making the global warming impact of refrigerant emissions comparable to that associated with the energy consumption of these systems.