Benchmarking Non-Hardware Balance-of-System (Soft) Costs for U.S. Photovoltaic Systems, Using a Bottom-Up Approach and Installer Survey - Second Edition

Friedman, B. ; Ardani, K. ; Feldman, D. ; Citron, R. ; Margolis, R. ; Zuboy, J.

关键词: BENCHMARKING;    SOFT COSTS;    FINANCING;    THIRD-PARTY FINANCING;    BALANCE-OF-SYSTEM COSTS;    BOS COSTS;    THIRD-PARTY-FINANCED;    PV SYSTEM PRICE;    INDIRECT CORPORATE COSTS;    CUSTOMER ACQUISITION;    SYSTEM DESIGN;    PERMITTING;    INSPECTION;    INTERCONNECTION;    SUNSHOT;    Energy Analysis;    Solar Energy - Photovoltaics;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1107461
RP-ID  :  NREL/TP-6A20-60412
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1107461

学科分类：再生能源与代替技术

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

This report presents results from the second U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored, bottom-up data-collection and analysis of non-hardware balance-of-system costs -- often referred to as 'business process' or 'soft' costs -- for U.S. residential and commercial photovoltaic (PV) systems. In service to DOE's SunShot Initiative, annual expenditure and labor-hour-productivity data are analyzed to benchmark 2012 soft costs related to (1) customer acquisition and system design (2) permitting, inspection, and interconnection (PII). We also include an in-depth analysis of costs related to financing, overhead, and profit. Soft costs are both a major challenge and a major opportunity for reducing PV system prices and stimulating SunShot-level PV deployment in the United States. The data and analysis in this series of benchmarking reports are a step toward the more detailed understanding of PV soft costs required to track and accelerate these price reductions.