Final Report: "Energetics of Nanomaterials

Navrotsky, Alexandra¹  Ross, Nancy²  Woodfield, Brian³ 

[1] Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States);Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States);Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States)

关键词: Thermodynamics;    Nanomaterials;    Confinement;    Guest-Host Interactions;    Surface Energy;    Energy Hydration;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1312658
RP-ID  :  DOE-VT--15658
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1312658

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

Nanomaterials, solids with very small particle size, form the basis of new technologies that are revolutionizing fields such as energy, lighting, electronics, medical diagnostics, and drug delivery. These nanoparticles are different from conventional bulk materials in many ways we do not yet fully understand. This project focused on their structure and thermodynamics and emphasized the role of water in nanoparticle surfaces. Using a unique and synergistic combination of high-tech techniques???namely oxide melt solution calorimetry, cryogenic heat capacity measurements, and inelastic neutron scattering???this work has identified differences in structure, thermodynamic stability, and water behavior on nanoparticles as a function of composition and particle size. The systematics obtained increase the fundamental understanding needed to synthesize, retain, and apply these technologically important nanomaterials and to predict and tailor new materials for enhanced functionality, eventually leading to a more sustainable way of life.