mGem: Noncanonical nucleic acid structures—powerful but neglected antiviral targets

mBio

卷:16

Perspective

Václav Brázda¹  Richard P. Bowater²  Petr Pečinka³  Martin Bartas³ 

[1] School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom

[2] Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic

[3] Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic

关键词: DNA structure;    G-quadruplex;    Z-DNA;    cruciform;    targeting viruses;   

DOI  :  10.1128/mbio.02730-25

来源: American Society for Microbiology

【 摘 要 】

ABSTRACTThis perspective highlights the emerging significance of noncanonical nucleic acid structures—such as G-quadruplexes, Z-DNA/Z-RNA, and cruciforms—in viral genomes. Once considered structural oddities, these motifs are now recognized as critical regulators of viral replication, transcription, genome stability, and host–pathogen interactions. Despite mounting evidence of their functional relevance and therapeutic potential, these structures remain largely overlooked in virology and antiviral drug development. Their unique conformations offer highly specific molecular targets, with several small molecules already demonstrating the ability to modulate viral gene expression by stabilizing or destabilizing these motifs. The persistent underestimation of non-B DNA/RNA structures represents a missed opportunity in the fight against viral diseases. By synthesizing recent discoveries and emphasizing their biological and pharmacological promise, we aim to elevate awareness and catalyze interdisciplinary research. Harnessing the structural diversity of viral genomes could unlock novel antiviral strategies with high specificity and minimal off-target effects.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
Copyright © 2025 Brázda et al.