Age-related compensation: Neuromusculoskeletal capacity, reserve & movement objectives

JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS

卷:122

Article

van der Kruk, Eline^1,5  Silverman, Anne K.²  Koizia, Louis³  Reilly, Peter⁴  Fertleman, Michael³  Bull, Anthony M. J.⁵ 

[1] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biomech Engn, Delft, Netherlands

[2] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA

[3] Imperial Coll Healthcare, Dept Med, London, England

[4] Imperial Coll Healthcare, Dept Orthopaed, London, England

[5] Imperial Coll London, Dept Bioengn, London, England

关键词: Mobility impairments;    Neuromusculoskeletal models;    Rehabilitation;    Optimal control theory;    Frailty;    Redundancy;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110385

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The prevention, mitigation and treatment of movement impairments, ideally, requires early diagnosis or identification. As the human movement system has physiological and functional redundancy, movement limitations do not promptly arise at the onset of physical decline. A such, prediction of movement limita-tions is complex: it is unclear how much decline can be tolerated before movement limitations start. Currently, the term 'homeostatic reserve' or 'physiological reserve' is used to refer to the redundancy of the human biological system, but these terms do not describe the redundancy in the muscle architecture of the human body. The result of functional redundancy is compensation. Although compensation is an early predictor of movement limitations, clear definitions are lacking and the topic is underexposed in lit-erature. The aim of this article is to provide a definition of compensation and emphasize its importance. Compensation is defined as an alteration in the movement trajectory and/or altering muscle recruitment to complete a movement task. Compensation for capacity is the result of a lack in neuromusculoskeletal re-serve, where reserve is defined as the difference between the capacity (physiological abilities of the neuro-musculoskeletal system) and the task demand. Compensation for movement objectives is a result of a shift in weighting of movement objectives, reflecting changing priorities. Studying compensation in biomechanics requires altered protocols in experimental set-ups, musculoskeletal models that are not reliant on pre-scribed movement, and inclusion of alternative movement objectives in optimal control theory. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

【 授权许可】

Free