Childhood maltreatment preceding depressive disorder at age 18 years: A prospective Brazilian birth cohort study

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

卷:217

Article

Giraldo Gallo, Erika Alejandra¹  De Mola, Christian Loret²  Wehrmeister, Fernando¹  Goncalves, Helen¹  Kieling, Christian³  Murray, Joseph^1,4 

[1] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Rua Marechal Deodoro,1160-3 Piso, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

[2] Univ Fed Pelotas, Grad Sch Nursing, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

[3] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

[4] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England

关键词: Childhood maltreatment;    Abuse;    Neglect;    Depression;    Birth cohort;    Middle-income country;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.065

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Background: Childhood maltreatment is linked with increased risk for mental illness in adolescence and adulthood. However, little evidence is available on whether different forms of maltreatment have specific effects, and no prospective studies in low- or middle-income countries have addressed this issue. Methods: Participants in a population-based, birth cohort study in Pelotas, Brazil (N=3715) self-reported exposure to maltreatment (emotional abuse, physical neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, domestic violence) in confidential questionnaires at age 15 years, and were assessed for major depression in interviews at age 18 years, using the MINI. Confounding variables concerning family characteristics were measured in interviews with mothers in the perinatal period and at age 11 years. Results: Females exposed to emotional abuse (OR=2.7; 95%CI=1.9, 3.8) and domestic violence (OR=1.9; 95%CI = 1.2, 2.9) were at increased risk for depression after adjustment for confounders and other types of maltreatment. Females exposed to two or more forms of maltreatment were at particularly high risk for depression (OR=4.1; 95%Cl=2.8, 6.1) compared with females not exposed to maltreatment. In adjusted analyses, maltreatment was not associated with depression for males. Limitations: Detailed information about maltreatment such as timing and frequency was not available, and 1534 individuals were not included in the analyses, who had poorer and less educated mothers. Conclusions: Emotional abuse and domestic violence are strong risk factors for major depression for females. Early intervention to prevent maltreatment and its consequences is critical, especially for girls exposed to poly maltreatment.

【 授权许可】

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