Psychopathology in a treatment-seeking sample of homicidally bereaved individuals: Latent class analysis

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

卷:292

Article

Soydas, Suzan^1,2  Smid, Geert E.^2,3  Lenferink, Lonneke I. M.^1,4,5  Djelantik, A. A. Manik J.^6,7  Goodfellow, Barbara⁸  Wilson, Rachel^8,9  Boelen, Paul A.^1,2 

[1] Univ Utrecht, Dept Clin Psychol, Heidelberglaan 1, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands

[2] ARQ Natl Psychotrauma Ctr, Diemen, Netherlands

[3] Univ Humanist Studies, Utrecht, Netherlands

[4] Univ Groningen, Dept Clin Psychol & Expt Psychopathol, Groningen, Netherlands

[5] Univ Twente, Dept Psychol Hlth & Technol, Fac Behav Management & Social Sci, Enschede, Netherlands

[6] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands

[7] Altrecht GGZ, Dept Youth KOOS, Utrecht, Netherlands

[8] ASSIST Trauma Care, Rugby, England

[9] NHS England, Liverpool, Merseyside, England

关键词: Homicide;    Bereavement;    Grief;    PTSD;    Anxiety;    Depression;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.026

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Background: Violently bereaved individuals are at increased risk of developing severe and comorbid disorders. Comorbidity may increase psychiatric symptom severity and suicide risk and decrease psychosocial functioning compared with having one disorder. We aimed to identify subgroups of individuals with similar symptom patterns, describe prevalence rates and overall levels of prolonged grief disorder (PGD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) per class, and explore associations between class membership and personal and homicide related variables.& nbsp; Methods: We investigated the comorbidity of symptoms of PGD, PTSD, MDD, and GAD in a sample of 923 treatment-seeking homicidally bereaved individuals by deploying latent class analysis.& nbsp; Results: Three subgroups were identified: (i) a moderate distress, low depression class (12.4%), (ii) a high distress, moderate depression class (42.7%), and (iii) a high distress and high depression class (45.0%). Prevalence rates and total scores of the questionnaires followed the pattern of iii > ii > i (ps < .001). Being female and having experienced prior life stress distinguished between all classes (ps < .05).& nbsp; Limitations: The data-driven analytic approach and reliance on self-reported routine outcome monitoring data limit the generalizability and validity of the study. Strengths include the large sample size and the inclusion of four measures in a treatment-seeking, violently bereaved sample.& nbsp; Conclusions: Classes were most clearly distinguishable based on symptom severity, indicating high comorbidity following bereavement by homicide. This argues for an integrated treatment that targets different complaints simultaneously rather than successively.

【 授权许可】

Free