期刊论文详细信息
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 卷:123
The protective effect of community factors on childhood asthma
Article
Gupta, Ruchi S.1,2  Zhang, Xingyou4  Sharp, Lisa K.5  Shannon, John J.6  Weiss, Kevin B.2,3,7 
[1] Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA
[2] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Inst Healthcare Studies, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
[3] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
[4] Amer Acad Family Physicians, Robert Graham Ctr Policy Studies Family Med & Pri, Washington, DC USA
[5] Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Sect Hlth Promot, Chicago, IL USA
[6] Cook Cty Hosp, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
[7] US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Ctr Management Complex Chron Care, Hines, IL 60141 USA
关键词: Asthma;    prevalence;    community;    neighborhood;    childhood;    environment;    social capital;    disparity;   
DOI  :  10.1016/j.jaci.2009.03.039
来源: Elsevier
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【 摘 要 】

Background: Asthma burden in the US is not evenly distributed. Although asthma prevalence varies widely across urban neighborhoods, little attention has been paid to the community as a key contributor. Objective: To determine the effect of positive socio-environmental community factors on childhood asthma prevalence in Chicago. Methods: From 2003 to 2005, an asthma screening survey was conducted among children attending Chicago Public/Catholic schools from kindergarten through eighth grade. One hundred five schools participated, yielding a stratified representation of 4 race-income groups. Positive community factors, such as social capital, economic potential, and community amenities, were assessed by using the Metro Chicago Information Center's Community Vitality Index. Results: Of the surveys returned, 45,177 (92%) were geocoded into 287 neighborhoods. Neighborhoods were divided into quartile groups by asthma prevalence (mean, 8%, 12%, 17%, 25%). Community vitality (54% vs 44%; P < .0001) and economic potential (64% vs 38%; P < .0001) were significantly higher in neighborhoods with low asthma prevalence. Neighborhood interaction (36% vs 73%; P < .0001) and stability (40% vs 53%; P < .0001) were significantly higher in neighborhoods with high asthma prevalence. Overall, positive factors explained 21% of asthma variation. Childhood asthma increased as the black population increased in a community (P < .0001). Accordingly, race/ethnicity was controlled. In black neighborhoods, these factors remained significantly higher in neighborhoods with low asthma prevalence. When considered alongside socio-demographic/individual characteristics, overall community vitality as well as social capital continued to contribute significantly to asthma variation. Conclusion: Asthma prevalence in Chicago is strongly associated with socio-environmental factors thought to enrich a community. A deeper understanding of this impact may lend insight into interventions to reduce childhood asthma. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;123:1297-304.)

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