Border control for stowaway alien species should be prioritised based on variations in establishment debt

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

卷:180

Article

Faulkner, Katelyn T.^1,2  Robertson, Mark P.²  Rouget, Mathieu³  Wilson, John R. U.^1,4 

[1] Kirstenbosch Res Ctr, South African Natl Biodivers Inst, Invas Species Programme, Private Bag X7, ZA-7735 Claremont, South Africa

[2] Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-0028 Hatfield, South Africa

[3] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Agr Earth & Environm Sci, Ctr Invas Biol, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa

[4] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa

关键词: Biological invasion;    Prioritised inspection strategies;    Border control;    Climatic similarity;    Resource allocation;    Inspection effort;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.023

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Border control is one of the major approaches used by countries to limit the number of organisms introduced as stowaways. However, it is not feasible to inspect all passengers, cargo and vehicles entering a country, and so efforts need to be prioritised. Here we use South Africa as a case study to assess, based on tourism and trade data and climate matching techniques, the number of stowaway species that might be introduced ('colonisation pressure') and the likelihood that once introduced, these organisms will establish ('likelihood of establishment'). These results were used to explore how the number of species that are likely to establish ('establishment debt') varies across donor regions and seasons. A simple theoretical model was then used to compare four strategies for prioritising border control inspections: no prioritisation; based on colonisation pressure; based on likelihood of establishment; and based on both colonisation pressure and likelihood of establishment. Establishment debt was greatest in southern hemisphere spring and autumn when South Africa is climatically similar to northern hemisphere countries with which there are strong, consistent trade and tourism links (i.e. colonisation pressure varied little seasonally, but likelihood of establishment did vary across the seasons). Prioritising inspections based on both colonisation pressure and the likelihood of establishment was clearly the most effective strategy, with this strategy detecting at least 6% more potential invaders than the other strategies. While there are many practical limitations to the implementation of such prioritised inspection strategies, the results highlight the importance of national and regional studies of establishment debt. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free