Environmental governance in China: Interactions between the state and nonstate actors

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

卷:220

Article

Guttman, Dan¹  Young, Oran²  Jing, Yijia³  Bramble, Barbara⁴  Bu, Maoliang⁵  Chen, Carmen³  Furst, Kathinka⁶  Hu, Tao⁷  Li, Yifei¹  Logan, Kate⁸  Liu, Lingxuan⁹  Price, Lydia¹⁰  Spencer, Michael¹⁶  Suh, Sangwon²  Sun, Xiaopu¹¹  Tan, Bowen⁸  Wang, Harold³  Wang, Xin¹²  Zhang, Juan¹³  Zhang, Xinxin¹⁴  Zeidan, Rodrigo^1,15 

[1] New York Univ Shanghai, 1555 Century Ave, Shanghai 200122, Peoples R China

[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[3] Fudan Univ, Sch Int Relat & Publ Affairs, Shanghai, Peoples R China

[4] Natl Wildlife Federat, Washington, DC USA

[5] Nanjing Univ, Sch Business, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

[6] Duke Kunshan Univ, Kunshan, Peoples R China

[7] WWF, Washington, DC USA

[8] Inst Publ & Environm Affairs, Beijing, Peoples R China

[9] Univ Lancaster, Sch Management, Lancaster, England

[10] China Europe Int Business Sch, Shanghai, Peoples R China

[11] Inst Governance & Sustainable Dev, Washington, DC USA

[12] SynTao, Beijing, Peoples R China

[13] China Natl Text & Apparel Council, Beijing, Peoples R China

[14] Rainforest Alliance, Beijing, Peoples R China

[15] Fundacao Dom Cabral, Nova Lima, Brazil

[16] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic, Australia

关键词: Nonstate actors;    Environmental governance;    she hui tuanti (social group);    shi ye danwei (public service unit);    Belt and Road initiative;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.104

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

In the West, limited government capacity to solve environmental problems has triggered the rise of a variety of nonstate actors to supplement government efforts or provide alternative mechanisms for addressing environmental issues. How does this development - along with our efforts to understand it map onto environmental governance processes in China? China's efforts to address environmental issues reflect institutionalized governance processes that differ from parallel western processes in ways that have major consequences for domestic environmental governance practices and the governance of China going abroad. China's governance processes blur the distinction between the state and other actors; the shadow of the state is a major factor in all efforts to address environmental issues. The space occupied by nonstate actors in western systems is occupied by shiye danwei (public service units), she hui tuanti (social associations) and e-platforms, all of which have close links to the state. Meanwhile, international NGOs and multinational corporations are also significant players in China. As a result, the mechanisms of influence that produce effects in China differ in important ways from mechanisms familiar from the western experience. This conclusion has far-reaching implications for those seeking to address global environmental concerns, given the importance of China's growing economy and burgeoning network of trade relationships. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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