Capacitive mixing for the extraction of energy from salinity differences: Survey of experimental results and electrochemical models

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE

卷:407

Article

Brogioli, D.¹  Ziano, R.¹  Rica, R. A.¹  Salerno, D.¹  Mantegazza, F.¹ 

[1] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Sci Salute, I-20900 Monza, MB, Italy

关键词: Energy from salinity difference;    Capacitive mixing;    Electric double layer;    Gouy-Chapman-Stern model;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jcis.2013.06.050

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The capacitive mixing (CAPMIX) technique is an emerging technology aimed at the extraction of energy from salinity differences, e.g. between sea and river waters. CAPMIX benefits from the voltage rise that takes place between two electrodes dipped in a saline solution when its salt concentration is changed. Several kinds of electrodes have been proposed so far: activated carbon materials (Brogioli, 2009), membrane-based ion-selective electrodes (Sales et al., 2010), and battery electrodes (Biesheuvel and van der Wal, 2010). The power production mainly depends on two properties of each single electrode: the amplitude of the potential rise upon salinity change, and the potential in the high-salinity solution. The various electrode materials that have been used returned different values of the two parameters, and hence to different power productions. In this paper, we apply electrokinetic and electrochemical models to qualitatively explain the experimentally observed behaviors of various materials under different experimental conditions. The analysis allows to devise techniques for tailoring new materials, particularly suited for the CAPMIX technique. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free