Direct determination of Al and Pb in waste printed circuit boards (PCB) by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS): Evaluation of calibration strategies and economic - environmental questions

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

卷:399

Article

Victor Babos, Diego^1,2  Cruz-Conesa, Andres¹  Pereira-Filho, Edenir Rodrigues²  Anzano, Jesus M.¹ 

[1] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Sci, Dept Analyt Chem, Laser Lab,Chem & Environm Grp, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

[2] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Chem, Grp Appl Instrumental Anal, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

关键词: WEEE;    Toxic element;    Environment pollution;    Matrix-matching calibration;    Two-point calibration transfer;    Calibration free;    Single-sample calibration;    One-point multi-line calibration;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122831

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Matrix-matching calibration (MMC), two-point calibration transfer (TP CT), one-point and multi-line calibration (OP MLC), single-sample calibration (SSC) and calibration free (CF) were evaluated in order to overcome matrix effects in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). These calibration strategies were evaluated for direct determination of Al and Pb in waste printed circuit boards (PCB) using direct solids analysis by LIBS. Each strategy has limitations and advantages of its implementation, for the correction of matrix effects, so that it allows elementary determination with adequate accuracy. The MMC and CF proved to be excellent calibration strategies for the determination of strategic (Al) and toxic (Pb) elements by LIBS, with good recoveries (ranging from 80-120%) and low relative standard deviation (RSD%) values. A detailed discussion of the advantages and limitations of each of these five calibration strategies evaluated for LIBS is presented in this study. Lead concentrations in waste PCB samples are 5-12 times higher than established by Directive 2011/65/EU, and the samples analyzed contain between 3 and 55 g kg(-1) Al, being an interesting economic and recycling source for this metal.

【 授权许可】

Free