Environmental fate, toxicity and risk management strategies of nanoplastics in the environment: Current status and future perspectives

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

卷:401

Article

Wang, Liuwei¹  Wu, Wei-Min²  Bolan, Nanthi S.³  Tsang, Daniel C. W.⁴  Li, Yang⁵  Qin, Muhan¹  Hou, Deyi¹ 

[1] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

[2] Stanford Univ, William & Cloy Codiga Resource Recovery Ctr, Ctr Sustainable Dev & Global Competitiveness, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[3] Univ Newcastle, Global Ctr Environm Remediat, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia

[4] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

[5] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China

关键词: Plastic pollution;    Contaminant migration;    Terrestrial ecosystem;    Environmental remediation;    Virus;    Risk management;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123415

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Tiny plastic particles considered as emerging contaminants have attracted considerable interest in the last few years. Mechanical abrasion, photochemical oxidation and biological degradation of larger plastic debris result in the formation of microplastics (MPs, 1 mu m to 5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs, 1 nm to 1000 nm). Compared with MPs, the environmental fate, ecosystem toxicity and potential risks associated with NPs have so far been less explored. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of current research on NPs with focus on currently less-investigated fields, such as the environmental fate in agroecosystems, migration in porous media, weathering, and toxic effects on plants. The co-transport of NPs with organic contaminants and heavy metals threaten human health and ecosystems. Furthermore, NPs may serve as a novel habitat for microbial colonization, and may act as carriers for pathogens (i.e., bacteria and viruses). An integrated framework is proposed to better understand the interrelationships between NPs, ecosystems and the human society. In order to fully understand the sources and sinks of NPs, more studies should focus on the total environment, including freshwater, ocean, groundwater, soil and air, and more attempts should be made to explore the aging and aggregation of NPs in environmentally relevant conditions. Considering the fact that naturally-weathered plastic debris may have distinct physicochemical characteristics, future studies should explore the environmental behavior of naturally-aged NPs rather than synthetic polystyrene nanobeads.

【 授权许可】

Free