Environmental impacts of genetic improvement of growth rate and feed conversion ratio in fish farming under rearing density and nitrogen output limitations

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

卷:116

Article

Besson, M.^1,2  Aubin, J.³  Komen, H.¹  Poelman, M.⁴  Quillet, E.²  Vandeputte, M.^2,6  van Arendonk, J. A. M.¹  de Boer, I. J. M.⁵ 

[1] Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, POB 338, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands

[2] Univ Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRA, Genet Anim & Biol Integrat, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France

[3] INRA, Agrocampus Ouest Rennes, Sol Agron Spatialisat UMR1069, 65 Rue St Brieuc, F-35042 Rennes, France

[4] Wageningen UR, IMARES, Korringaweg 5, NL-4401 NT Yerseke, Netherlands

[5] Wageningen Univ, Anim Prod Syst Grp, POB 338, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands

[6] IFREMER, Chemin Maguelone, F-34250 Palavas Les Flots, France

关键词: Life cycle assessment;    African catfish;    Feed efficiency;    Recirculating aquaculture system;    Selection;    Thermal growth coefficient;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.12.084

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Today, fish farming faces an increasing demand in fish products, but also various environmental challenges. Genetic improvement in growth rate and feed conversion ratio is known to be an efficient way to increase production and increase efficiency in fish farming. The environmental consequences of genetic improvement in growth rate and feed conversion ratio, however, are unknown. In this study, we investigated the environmental consequences of genetic improvement in growth rate and feed conversion ratio in an African catfish farm, using Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS). In RAS, total fish production of the farm is limited by rearing density or by the capacity to treat dissolved nitrogen. To evaluate the environmental consequences of genetic improvement in growth rate and feed conversion ratio, we combined life cycle assessment and bioeconomic modelling of genetic response to selection. We explored different impact categories, such as climate change, eutrophication, acidification and energy use, and we expressed impacts per ton of fish produced. Results show that the environmental impact of genetic improvement in growth rate and feed conversion ratio varies among impact categories and depends on the factor limiting production at farm level (i.e. rearing density or nitrogen treatment capacity). Genetic improvement of feed conversion ratio reduces environmental impacts in each scenario tested, while improving growth rate reduces environmental impacts only when rearing density limits farm production. Environmental responses to genetic selection were generally positive and show similar trends as previously determined economic responses to genetic improvement in growth rate and feed conversion ratio in RAS. These results suggest that genetic improvement of growth rate and feed conversion ratio for species kept in RAS will benefit both the environmental impacts and the economics of the production system. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free