Materials and fabrication of electrode scaffolds for deposition of MnO2 and their true performance in supercapacitors

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES

卷:293

Review

Cao, Jianyun^1,2  Li, Xiaohong³  Wang, Yaming¹  Walsh, Frank C.²  Ouyang, Jia-Hu¹  Jia, Dechang¹  Zhou, Yu¹ 

[1] Harbin Inst Technol, Inst Adv Ceram, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China

[2] Univ Southampton, Fac Engn & Environm, Energy Technol Grp, Electrochem Engn Lab, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England

[3] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Renewable Energy Grp, Penryn Campus TR10 9FE, Cornwall, England

关键词: Manganese dioxide;    Supercapacitor;    Electrode structure;    Deposition;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.05.115

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

MnO2 is a promising electrode material for high energy supercapacitors because of its large pseudo-capacitance. However, MnO2 suffers from low electronic conductivity and poor cation diffusivity, which results in poor utilization and limited rate performance of traditional MnO2 powder electrodes, obtained by pressing a mixed paste of MnO2 powder, conductive additive and polymer binder onto metallic current collectors. Developing binder-free MnO2 electrodes by loading nanoscale MnO2 deposits on pre-fabricated device-ready electrode scaffolds is an effective way to achieve both high power and energy performance. These electrode scaffolds, with interconnected skeletons and pore structures, will not only provide mechanical support and electron collection as traditional current collectors but also fast ion transfer tunnels, leading to high MnO2 utilization and rate performance. This review covers design strategies, materials and fabrication methods for the electrode scaffolds. Rational evaluation of the true performance of these electrodes is carried out, which clarifies that some of the electrodes with as-claimed exceptional performances lack potential in practical applications due to poor mass loading of MnO2 and large dead volume of inert scaffold materials/void spaces in the electrode structure. Possible ways to meet this challenge and bring MnO2 electrodes from laboratory studies to real-world applications are considered. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free