Lithium and transition metal dissolution due to aqueous processing in lithium-ion battery cathode active materials

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES

卷:466

Article

Hawley, W. Blake^1,2  Parejiya, Anand^1,2  Bai, Yaocai¹  Meyer, Harry M., III³  Wood, David L., III^1,2  Li, Jianlin^1,2 

[1] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA

[2] Univ Tennessee, Bredesen Ctr Interdisciplinary Res & Grad Educ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA

[3] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA

关键词: Lithium-ion battery;    Aqueous electrode processing;    NCA cathode;    Lithium leaching;    Cation exchange;    Cycle life;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228315

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Enabling aqueous processing for lithium-ion battery cathodes is essential as solvents like N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) are expensive, hazardous, and being phased out of usage around the world. Using water as a solvent can reduce electrode manufacturing cost and environmental impact, but it presents unique challenges for cathodes such as Li and transition metal dissolution from the active material and current collector corrosion. In this study, the suitability of aqueous processing for five cathode active materials is evaluated: LiCoO2 (LCO), LiFePO4 (LFP), LiMn2O4 (LMO), LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA), and LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532). After three days of water exposure, NCA and NMC532 exhibit significantly greater pH values (11.5-12.5) than the Ni-free materials (9.0-10.5), though all pH values suggest corrosion of the Al substrate would occur. Surface compositions change to various extent while little change is observed in the crystal structures. The transition metal dissolution in water and electrolyte is relatively low for all materials, though the Li dissolution in water is high for NCA (similar to 0.1 mg mL(-1)). Electrochemical testing in half coin cells reveals that high-molecular weight polyacrylic acid addition is able to modify the pH and provide adequate binding to the current collector to permit aqueous processing of NCA.

【 授权许可】

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